Your IP : 172.28.240.42
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1">
<style>
body {
background-color:#ffffff;
}
body, .cfsbdyfnt {
font-family: 'Oswald', sans-serif;
font-size: 18px;
}
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h5, .cfsttlfnt {
font-family: 'Playfair Display', serif;
}
.panel-title { font-family: 'Oswald', sans-serif; }
</style>
<title></title>
<style id="sitestyles">
@import url( solid #1b2a29}#outhdr .lr-borders{border-left:1px solid #609892;border-right:1px solid #609892;height:100%;max-height:3em;margin:15px 0}@media (max-width:767px){#outhdr .lr-borders{border-left:0 solid #609892}}a,a:hover{color:#379078;text-decoration:none}h2{color:#426965}.pagetitle h1{color:#00a097}#innersite{padding:0}.container-body{background:transparent!important}.btn-default{color:#fff!important;border-color:#426965!important;background-color:#426965!important}.btn-default:hover{color:#426965!important;background-color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff!important}.btn-primary{color:#426965!important;border-color:#426965!important;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important}.btn-primary:hover{color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;background-color:#426965!important;border-color:#426965!important}.btn-info{color:#fff!important;border-color:#000!important;background-color:#000!important}.btn-info:hover{color:#000!important;background-color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff!important}.btn-success{color:#000!important;border-color:#000!important;background-color:light!important}.btn-success:hover{color:light!important;background-color:#000!important;border-color:#000!important}.btn-white{color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff!important;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important}.btn-white:hover{color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;background-color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff!important}#inbdy .btn{border:2px solid;line-height:1.2;margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px}.btn-primary:hover{color:#fff!important}#site button,#site .btn,#site .btn-small,#site .btn-lg,#site .tmslider .btn{transition:all .8s ease;border-radius:25px;font-size:;padding:.5em .7em;letter-spacing:1px}#site .zonetools .btn,#site .edimg{transition:initial;border-radius:initial;font-size:14px;padding:2px 5px;letter-spacing:initial}#inbdy{max-width:1366px}.topstrip{color:#fff;background:#1b2a29;border-bottom:0 solid #379078}.topstrip .row{max-width:1366px;float:none;margin:auto}.topstrip a{color:#000}.topstrip a:hover{color:rgba(66,105,101,.85)}.topstrip .txttkn a{color:#426965}.topstrip .txttkn a:hover{color:rgba(66,105,101,.85)}.topstrip .addressitem{margin:20px 5px}@media (min-width:992px){.topstrip .addressitem .lbtel,.topstrip .addressitem .number,.topstrip .addressitem .vsep{display:none}.topstrip .addressitem [itemprop="streetAddress"]:after{content:" | "}}.topstrip [data-typeid="TextBlock"]{animation:slideInDown 2s ease}@media (max-width:767px){.topstrip [data-typeid="TextBlock"]{font-size:.7em}}.topstrip [data-typeid="TextBlock"] p{margin:15px 5px}@media (max-width:767px){.topstrip [data-typeid="TextBlock"] p{font-size:;padding-top:8px}}@media (max-width:767px){#block-inhdr .navbar-toggle,#block-outhdr .navbar-toggle{padding:4px 4px}#block-inhdr .navbar-toggle .icon-bar,#block-outhdr .navbar-toggle .icon-bar{width:18px}}#block-inhdr .btn-social,#block-outhdr .btn-social{color:#fff!important;background-color:transparent;transition:all .5s ease}#block-inhdr .btn-social:hover,#block-outhdr .btn-social:hover{transform:scale(1.5);background-color:transparent;color:#6da49e!important}.img-thumbnail{border:none;border-radius:0;padding:0}#inbdy .form-control{border-radius:0;background:rgba(255,255,255,.5);border:1px solid #609892;margin-top:.35em;margin-bottom:.35em}#inbdy [data-type="formblocks"] .fmname{display:none}#inbdy [data-type="formblocks"] .well{box-shadow:none;background:rgba(0,160,151,.1);border:none}.navbar-brand{color:#fff!important}.navbar-brand{display:none!important}.cfshznav a{letter-spacing:1px;color:#fff!important;border-top:4px solid transparent}.cfshznav a:hover{color:#fff!important;background:#609892!important;border-top:4px solid #1b2a29}.cfshznav .open a{color:#fff!important;background:#609892!important;border-top:4px solid #1b2a29}.cfshznav .open a:hover{border-top:4px solid #1b2a29}.cfshznav .dropdown-menu{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background:rgba(255,255,255,.95)!important}.cfshznav .dropdown-menu li a{color:#426965!important;background:transparent!important;font-size:.9em;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-top:12px!important;padding-bottom:10px!important;text-transform:uppercase;border-top:0 solid transparent;border-left:-1px solid transparent;border-right:1px solid transparent;transition:background-color .2s}.cfshznav .dropdown-menu li a:hover{color:#426965!important;box-shadow:unset;border-left:5px solid #00a097;padding-left:15px;border-top:0 solid #609892}.navbar{background-color:#fff!important;border:0 solid #fff!important}.navbox{background-color:transparent!important}.js-clingify-locked .navbar{background-color:#fff!important;border:0 solid #fff!important}.js-clingify-locked .navbox{background-color:transparent!important}.navbarlocked{height:unset!important}.navbarlocked .dropdown-menu li a{background:#fff}#inhdr .upperbanner img{max-height:80px}@media (max-width:767px){#inhdr .upperbanner img{max-height:50px}}#strip{background:#fff!important}#strip [data-type="image"]{max-height:10em;overflow:hidden}#strip .page-title{text-shadow:none;background:rgba(66,105,101,.6)}#strip .page-title h1{color:#fff;margin:auto auto}@media (max-width:767px){#strip .page-title h1{font-size:}}.section-strip-item{color:#00a097!important}.section-strip-item a{color:#00a097!important}[data-typeid="inlinesearch"] input{border:1px solid #426965;border-radius:20px;height:40px;box-shadow:none;background:#3afff4;max-width:420px;float:right;margin:auto;margin-bottom:10px}[data-typeid="inlinesearch"] input .form-control{color:#fff!important}.homeobit-box{color:#000;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px;max-width:1366px;float:none;margin:auto}.homeobit-box a,.homeobit-box a:hover,.homeobit-box p,.homeobit-box h1,.homeobit-box h2,.homeobit-box h3,.homeobit-box h4{color:#1b2a29!important}.homeobit-box .obpgimg{transition:all 2s ease!important;border-radius:10px!important}.homeobit-box .obphlst{transition:all 2s ease!important;border-radius:10px!important;padding:0px!important;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;box-shadow:0 0 0 #888!important;border:0 solid!important}.homeobit-box .obphlst:hover{transform:scale(1.2)}.homeobit-box .{padding-bottom:100%;padding-left:92%;margin:auto;border-radius:10px!important}.homeobit-box .form-control{background:rgba(255,255,255,.9)!important}.obslide{background:rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.obslide .details .obitdate{color:#fff!important}.obslide .details .obitdate a{color:#fff!important}.obitname,.obitdate{color:#379078}.obitname{font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase}.horizobits{margin:0 }.glyphicon-chevron-right,.glyphicon-chevron-left{color:}.glyphicon-chevron-right:hover,.glyphicon-chevron-left:hover{color:}[data-typeid="locationmap"]{background:#609892}[data-typeid="locationmap"] iframe{border:none;filter:grayscale(1.9) sepia(2%) opacity(.85);transition:all 2s ease}[data-typeid="locationmap"] iframe:hover{filter:unset}[data-typeid="multimap"]{background:transparent}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap{border:0 solid #ccc;background:#609892}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-tile-pane{-webkit-filter:opacity(.85) grayscale(60%) brightness(1.1);-moz-filter:opacity(.85) grayscale(60%) brightness(1.1);filter:opacity(.85) grayscale(60%) brightness(1.1);transition:all .5s ease}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap:hover .leaflet-tile-pane{-webkit-filter:opacity(1) grayscale(0%) brightness();-moz-filter:opacity(1) grayscale(0%) brightness();filter:opacity(1) grayscale(0%) brightness()}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-marker-pane .leaflet-marker-icon:hover{filter:brightness()}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-popup{border:2px solid mediumblue}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-popup h4{color:mediumblue;font-weight:700;font-size:;text-align:center}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-popup .leaflet-popup-content-wrapper{background:linear-gradient(rgba(255,255,255,.7),white);border-radius:0;box-shadow:none}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap .leaflet-popup .leaflet-popup-tip{background:rgba(255,255,255,.8);border-bottom:2px solid mediumblue;border-right:2px solid mediumblue;display:none}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap button{background:#888}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap button:hover{background:mediumblue}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap-location{border:none;border-top:4px solid #ccc;border-radius:0;background:#eee;margin-top:5px}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap-location h4{color:#000;font-weight:700}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap-location:hover{background:radial-gradient(#fff,#eee);border-top:4px solid #888}[data-typeid="multimap"] .{background:rgba(238,238,238,.5);border-top:4px solid #c00}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap-location button{color:white;background:#888;border-radius:0;margin-bottom:10px}[data-typeid="multimap"] .multimap-location button:hover{background:mediumblue}.edgetoedge{margin-left:-100vw;margin-right:-100vw;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:100vw;padding-right:100vw;padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px}.edgetoedge .tools{margin-left:100vw;margin-right:100vw}.edgetoedge .inner .tools{margin-left:0vw;margin-right:0vw}.edgetoedge2{margin-left:-100vw;margin-right:-100vw;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:100vw;padding-right:100vw}.edgetoedge2 .tools{margin-left:100vw;margin-right:100vw}.edgetoedge2 .inner .tools{margin-left:0vw;margin-right:0vw}.pale-col{color:#000;background-color:!important}.color-col{background-color:#426965!important}.color-col p,.color-col h1,.color-col h2,.color-col h3,.color-col h4{color:#fff}.footer{background-color:#1b2a29!important}.footer [data-typeid="sitemap"] div a:nth-child(4){display:none}.footer p,.footer .addressitem{color:#fff}.footer h1,.footer h2,.footer h3,.footer h4,.footer .form-group{color:#b2e1d5}.footer a{color:#fff}.footer-box .row{padding:0}.footer-box .semiopaque{background-color:rgba(66,105,101,0);min-height:300px;animation:slideInUp 2s ease}.footer-box .semiopaque p,.footer-box .semiopaque h1,.footer-box .semiopaque h2,.footer-box .semiopaque h3,.footer-box .semiopaque h4{color:#fff}.sitemapsubitem{display:none}.sitemapitem{display:inline;padding:0}.panel-success .panel-heading{background-color:#426965!important}.panel-success .panel-title{color:#fff}.panel-success .panel-body{border-left:1px solid #426965!important;border-right:1px solid #426965!important;border-bottom:1px solid #426965!important}.cfsacdn .panel-title{background:transparent}.cfsacdn .panel-title a{color:#fff!important}.cfsacdn .panel-heading{background:#379078!important}.cfsacdn .panel{border-color:#379078!important}.cfsacdn .panel font{color:!important}.blackbg{background:#609892}.max1570{max-width:1570px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1470{max-width:1470px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1370{max-width:1370px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1270{max-width:1270px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1170{max-width:1170px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.site-credit .credit-text,.site-credit .credit-text a{background-color:transparent;color:#000}.obitlist-title a{color:#000}{color:}{color:#000}{color:#000}#popout-add h4,#popout-settings h4{color:#fff}.btn-danger{color:#fff!important;border-color:#5cb85c!important;background-color:#5cb85c!important}.btn-danger:hover{color:#5cb85c!important;background-color:#fff!important;border-color:#fff!important}.max1570{max-width:1570px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1470{max-width:1470px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1370{max-width:1370px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1270{max-width:1270px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.max1170{max-width:1170px!important;float:none!important;margin:auto!important}.upperbanner{background-color:#fff;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:5px;border-top:0 solid #379078;border-bottom:0 solid #379078}.upperbanner p{color:#000;animation:slideInLeft 2s ease}.upperbanner a{color:#426965}.upperbanner a:hover{color:rgba(66,105,101,.7)}.cta-box{background:#2e4a47!important}.cta-box p{color:#fff}.cta-box a{color:#fff}.cta-box a:hover{color:#379078}.js-clingify-locked .upperbanner{background-color:#fff;max-width:100vw;float:none;margin:auto}#outhdr .navbar{background:#fff;background:transparent}#outhdr .navbar a{color:#fff!important;border:0 solid transparent;transition:background-color .4s;transition:all .4s ease-in-out;padding-top:!important;padding-bottom:!important}#outhdr .navbar {font-weight:bold!important;letter-spacing:1px}@media (max-width:991px){#outhdr .navbar a{font-size:.75em!important}#outhdr .navbar {padding:25px 10px 20px 10px!important}}@media (max-width:767px){#outhdr .navbar a{padding-top:14px!important}}#outhdr .navbar a:hover{color:#426965!important;background:#d6f0e9!important;border:0 solid #379078}#outhdr .navbar .open a:hover{background-color:#fff!important}#outhdr .navbar .open {color:#426965!important;background-color:#d6f0e9!important}#outhdr .navbar .dropdown-menu{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background:rgba(255,255,255,.95)!important}#outhdr .navbar .dropdown-menu li a{color:#426965!important;background:transparent!important;font-family:helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:.8em;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-top:12px!important;padding-bottom:10px!important;text-transform:uppercase;border:0 solid #379078;border-left:0 solid transparent;transition:background-color .2s}#outhdr .navbar .dropdown-menu li a:hover{color:#fff!important;background:#8dd3c0!important;border:0 solid #379078;border-left:5px solid #379078;padding-left:15px}#outhdr .navbar {background:none!important;border:#fff!important;outline:#fff!important}#outhdr .navbar-brand{display:none!important}#outhdr .cfshznav{background:#426965}#outhdr .cfshznav .nav{padding:0 0 0 0}@media (max-width:991px){#outhdr .cfshznav .nav>:nth-child(4){display:none}}#outhdr .cfshznav .nav>:nth-child(4) a{color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;background:url();background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:84%;width:240px;height:155px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0);font-size:0;background-position:center;padding-bottom:30px}#outhdr .cfshznav .nav>:nth-child(4) a:hover{background:url(),transparent!important;background-size:89%!important;background-repeat:no-repeat!important;background-position:center!important}#outhdr .cfshznav .nav>:nth-child(4):hover{background:transparent!important}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked{background:#426965!important}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .navbar{background:#426965!important}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .nav{padding:5px 0 0 0}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .nav a{color:#fff!important;padding-top:2em!important;padding-bottom:!important;margin-bottom:0px!important}@media (max-width:991px){#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .nav>:nth-child(4){display:none}}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .nav>:nth-child(4) a{color:rgba(255,255,255,0)!important;background:url(background:url();background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;width:150px;height:60px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0);font-size:0;margin-top:10px;background-position:center;margin-bottom:5px;border-radius:0%;bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}#outhdr .js-clingify-locked .nav>:nth-child(4):hover{background:transparent!important}.mobile-logo{background:#426965}@media (max-width:991px){.sidr-inner .sidr-class-nav>:nth-child(5){display:none}}.cta-box{background-color:#426965}.cta-box p{color:#fff}.cta-box a{color:#fff}.cta-box a:hover{color:#379078}[data-typeid="popoutnotice"] .popout-notice .widget-label{background:yellow;color:green;padding:10px}[data-typeid="popoutnotice"] .popout-notice .widget-label:after{content:""}.cfs-popout{background:linear-gradient(120deg,#2e4a47,#568883 120%)!important;color:#fff;max-width:280px;padding:10px;border:0;border-left:8px solid #379078;outline:0 solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);outline-offset:0;box-shadow: .25em 1em rgba(0,0,0,.1)}.cfs-popout .close{width:;height:;text-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:1;padding:5px;margin:3px;background:#90374f;border-radius:100%;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3);font-family:raleway,sans-serif;font-size:75%;z-index:1}.cfs-popout .content-area .title{border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);padding-bottom:10px;margin-top:2px;margin-bottom:10px;line-height:auto;opacity:1}.cfs-popout .content-area h3{font-weight:700;transition:all 1s ease;animation:pulse ease-in-out;animation-delay:3s}.cfs-popout .content-area h3:hover{text-shadow:0 0 2em #000}.cfs-popout .clickable{font-style:italic;border:1px solid #fff;display:inline-block;padding:4px 10px 6px;opacity:.5;transition:all .5s ease}.cfs-popout .clickable:hover{opacity:1}
#obitlist .row {
border: 0px;
border-bottom: 1px solid #a0fffa;
border-radius: 0px;
padding: 2em;
}
#obitlist .obphlst {
border-radius: 0px;
border: 0px solid #E0D9D9 !important;
padding: 0px;
box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px 1px rgba(50,50,50,0) !important;
background: #fff;
}
</style>
<style> #smart2881336973111-1 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2881336973111-1:hover { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2881336973111-2 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2881336973111-2:hover { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2881336973111-3 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2881336973111-3:hover { color: !important; background-color: } </style>
<style scoped="">
#smart138401661026 .toplevel {
font-size: 15px;
padding: 20px 18px;
font-weight: normal;
}
#smart138401661026 .navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
</style>
<style>
/* Default arrow for menu items with submenus */
.sidr-class-dropdown > a::after {
content: '\25B6'; /* Unicode for a right-pointing triangle */
position: absolute;
right: 30px;
color: white;
transition: transform ;
}
/* Arrow rotates down when the submenu is open */
. > a::after {
content: '\25BC'; /* Unicode for a down-pointing triangle */
transform: rotate(0deg); /* Reset rotation */
}
/* Hide Sidr menu if the screen width is greater than 768px */
@media (min-width: 769px) {
#sidr-main-mn966128 {
display: none !important;
}
}
</style>
<style scoped="">
#smart3739698360101 .toplevel {
font-size: 15px;
padding: 20px 18px;
font-weight: normal;
}
#smart3739698360101 .navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
</style>
<style>
/* Default arrow for menu items with submenus */
.sidr-class-dropdown > a::after {
content: '\25B6'; /* Unicode for a right-pointing triangle */
position: absolute;
right: 30px;
color: white;
transition: transform ;
}
/* Arrow rotates down when the submenu is open */
. > a::after {
content: '\25BC'; /* Unicode for a down-pointing triangle */
transform: rotate(0deg); /* Reset rotation */
}
/* Hide Sidr menu if the screen width is greater than 768px */
@media (min-width: 769px) {
#sidr-main-mn184060 {
display: none !important;
}
}
</style>
<style> #smart2333938227047-1 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2333938227047-1:hover { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2333938227047-2 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2333938227047-2:hover { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2333938227047-3 { color: !important; background-color: } #smart2333938227047-3:hover { color: !important; background-color: } </style>
</head>
<body class="cs56-229">
<br>
<div id="site" class="container-fluid">
<div id="innersite" class="row">
<div id="block-outhdr" class="container-header dropzone">
<div class="row stockrow">
<div id="outhdr" class="col-xs-12 column zone">
<div class="inplace top-border" data-type="struct" data-typeid="FullCol" data-desc="Full Col" data-exec="1" id="struct1326593510923" data-o-bgid="" data-o-bgname="" data-o-src="">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12 column ui-sortable">
<div class="inplace cta-box" data-type="struct" data-typeid="FullCol" data-desc="Full Col" data-exec="1" id="struct735952154750">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-12 column ui-sortable">
<div class="inplace" data-type="struct" data-typeid="Thirds2-1" data-desc="Thirds 2-1" data-exec="1" id="struct5203190405039">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-xs-4 column ui-sortable">
<div class="inplace pad-left pad-right smallmedia text-center pad-top pad-bottom" data-type="smart" data-typeid="socialmedia" data-desc="Social Media & Links" data-rtag="socialmedia" id="smart2881336973111" data-itemlabel="">
<div class="smbuttons"> <span class="btn btn-social btn-facebook"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="inplace hidden-md hidden-lg mobile-logo" data-type="struct" data-typeid="ThreeCols" data-desc="Three Cols" data-exec="1" id="struct361897052728" data-o-bgid="" data-o-bgname="" data-o-src="" style="">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-4 column ui-sortable"></div>
<div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-4 column ui-sortable">
<div class="inplace pad-left pad-right hidden-md hidden-lg pad-top pad-bottom" data-type="image" data-typeid="site" data-desc="Site Image" id="image3805680664636" style="" data-itemlabel=""><img alt="site image" class="img-responsive" src="" style="">
<div contenteditable="false" style="height: 0px;"></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col-sm-4 col-xs-8 column ui-sortable">
<div class="inplace menu-ip hidden-sm hidden-md hidden-lg transparent-menu" data-type="smart" data-typeid="menu" data-desc="Menu Bar" data-exec="1" data-rtag="menu" id="smart138401661026" data-itemlabel="" style="position: relative; z-index: 30; left: 0px; top: 0px;" data-rsttrans="1">
<div style="position: relative; z-index: 3;">
<div class="cfshznav" id="navbar-mn966128">
<div class="navbar cfsbdyfnt navbar-default" role="navigation"><br>
<div id="mn966128" class="navbar-collapse collapse mnujst centered">
<ul class="nav navbar-nav mnujst centered">
<li id="li-1-2" class="dropdown navbox"><span class="dropdown-toggle toplevel navlink ln-listings"></span>
<ul class="dropdown-menu">
<li class="navbox" id="li-1-2-0">
<span class="navlink ln-listings">Interdigital webbing human meaning. By using a functional .</span>
</li>
<li class="navbox" id="li-1-2-1">
<span class="navlink ln-listings"><br>
</span>
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<span class="dropdown-toggle toplevel navlink ln-about-us">Interdigital webbing human meaning [15] [18] [16] The palmate foot is most common. webbings). Feb 15, 2012 · Syndactyly (Greek Syn=together; Dactylos=digit) is a digital malformation in which adjacent fingers and/or toes are webbed because they fail to separate during limb development. This paper presents evidence that lysosomal-mediated cell death and extracellular matrix degradation are important events in addition to cell death by apoptosis. Interdigital webbing has evolved repeatedly in tropical salamanders (bolitoglossines). Sep 10, 2020 · Though there is no conserved mechanism for the retention of interdigital webbing in amniotes (Weatherbee et al. The webbing can consist of membrane, skin, or other connective tissue and varies widely in different taxa. 2 Damage to the stratum corneum of the skin from contact dermatitis, psoriasis, maceration, interdigital erythrasma or dermatophytosis can lead to a bacterial superinfection. However, whether development leading up to these events or the processes themselves require apoptosis was not discriminated by these studies. Image courtesy of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. The new study finds that the removal of the interdigital membrane by cell death depends on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which only occurs in embryos Toe web psoriasis may have been described in 1954 with four cases termed “pseudotinea interdigitalis pedum,” 57 although they were classified as a distinct entity rather than an atypical form of psoriasis. Jun 13, 2019 · By comparison, amniotes rely on interdigital cell death, or death of cells in the webbing between digits, a mechanism that contributes to a greater variation of limb shapes. Mar 29, 2025 · While the presence of webbed digits in the early embryo is perfectly normal, syndactyly, the persistence of this webbing at birth, is a relatively common birth defect. Variation of Appendage Generation. A webbed foot has connecting tissue between the toes of the foot. Most of these have interdigital webbing, as opposed to the syndactyly found in birds. The webbing of a duck's foot is interdigital; so is most of the membrane of a bat's wing. a. The skin in the first interdigital space is innervated by the deep peroneal nerve. The death (or lack of death) of specific cells in the vertebrate limb is genetically programmed and has been selected for during evolution. The remaining interdigital spaces of foot receive their cutaneous innervation from the superficial peroneal nerve on the Interdigital webbing is not to be confused with syndactyly, which is a fusing of digits and occurs rarely in humans. 1a of Wang et al. In otariids, the interdigital areas are occupied by thick layers of connective and other tissues, making the hind flipper a much more rigid structure. The researchers found that removal of the interdigital membrane through cell death by amniotes depends on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In some fetuses, this process does not occur completely We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are key inductive factors for interdigital cell death (ICD) in vivo. It is one of the Human feet are ideal for two things: walking on soft, wet, infirm terrain such as swampy mud, lake bottoms, sand and shingle (where hooved animals are more likely to sink or slip); and for swimming. Webbed Appendages Webbed Hands/Feet Syndactyly Interdigital webbing The user either has or can generate feet, fingers or/and toes with webbed features, present in a variety of vertebrates to aid in locomotion. The interdigital space is colonised by polymicrobial flora, producing a precarious balanced cutaneous ecosystem. The power to generate webbed appendages/digits. Interdigital sentence (11) Proper hygiene is essential to prevent interdigital or digital webbing is one of the two most common congenital hand differences seen across cultures. For syndactylies of the first and fourth interdigital webs and syndactylies with fusions of several fingers, surgery is recommended at the age of 4 – 9 months (1, 8, 12, 15). In most cases, webbing of the fingers or toes occurs at random, for no known reason. Jan 1, 2018 · The ectopic Shh expression in turn down-regulates bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, leading to a reduction of interdigital cell death and finally resulting in the syndactyly and interdigital webbing phenotype. 1111/mam. Most often this surgery is done when a child is between 6 months and 2 years old. Strikingly, the retention of interdigital webbing in the bat forelimb is correlated with a unique pattern of Fgf8 expression in addition to the Bmp inhibitor Gremlin. Aug 28, 2021 · Spaces of Hand Deep space infections occur in one of the three anatomically defined potential spaces within the hand. 12211 ABSTRACT 1. Syndactyly specifically affecting feet occurs in birds (such as ducks ), amphibians (such as frogs ), and mammals (such as the kangaroo ). Grebes have more webbing between the toes than coots and phalaropes. NOGGIN (NOG) is a major BMP antagonist that can interdigital Situated between digits; connecting fingers or toes one with another. Interdigital furuncles, which are often referred to as interdigital cysts, are nodules and lesions located in the interdigital webbing between a dog’s toes. Some semiaquatic mammals have webbed feet. 7. Though there is no conserved mechanism for the retention of interdigital webbing in amniotes (Weatherbee et al. Bats (order Chiroptera) are the only mammals capable of powered flight, and this may be an important factor behind their rapid diversification into Sep 5, 2018 · Published results of distraction lengthening for congenital short digits and metacarpals are positive, with mean gains in length of up to 15 mm without the need for bone grafting. The Evolutionary Advantage of Webbed Fingers; Congenital Syndactyly in Humans; Mammalian Diversity and Digit Morphology interdigital What does interdigital‎ mean? interdigital (English)Origin & history inter-+ digitalAdjective interdigital (not comparable) Between the fingers or toes1988, Shepard R. Mammals Platypus foot. Mar 6, 2023 · Interdigital cysts, interdigital furunculosis, and follicular pododermatitis are all big words that mean the same thing. Both syndromes are genetic disorders that can cause abnormal growth of the bones in the hands and feet Jan 1, 2020 · Bone morphogenetic proteins (Bmp) have been shown to cause apoptosis of the interdigital webbing, leading to isolated digits in both nonaquatic birds such as chickens and the mouse. English dictionaries describe finger as meaning either one of the five digits including the thumb, or one of the four digits excluding the thumb (in which case they are numbered from 1 to 4 starting with the index finger closest to the thumb). Erosio interdigitalis blastomycetica, a type of fungal infection commonly affecting the webbing between the toes, presents with symptoms such as itching, redness, and a moist, peeling rash. (9) Interdigital corns can develop from friction between the toes. The following tests may be done: Aug 27, 2024 · Fingers or toes (digits) may be fused together (syndactyly) or the webbing between them (inter-digital webbing) may extend far up the digits. Thenar, mid-palmar and hypothenar spacesInterdigital subfascial web spaceForearm space of parona Deep hand spaceDorsal borderVolar borderUlnar We find that bat forelimb and hindlimb interdigital tissues express Bmp signaling components but that only bat hindlimbs undergo interdigital apoptosis. Distraction osteogenesis, however, is time consuming and requires cooperation of the patient and parents. Indeed, it is essential if our joints are to form and if our fingers are to become separate (Zaleske 1985). Webbing can also be related to genetic defects, such as Crouzon syndrome and Apert syndrome. (10) The interdigital webbing on geckos allows them to climb walls. Among its many features, the skin between the thumb and finger, often referred to as the webbing or interdigital skin, plays a vital role in our ability to grasp and manipulate objects. The best studied canonical interactions of Thin, extensible interdigital webbing stretches between adjacent digits in these forms. This small yet significant piece of anatomy is known as the webbing or interdigital skin. This modification significantly increases the surface area of the feet. There are a total of four interdigital spaces, numbered from the inside to the outside. Enhanced Swimming Animal Imitation/Animal Introduction: Toe web infection (TWI) is a bacterial infection of the interdigital space. It affects roughly one in every 2,000-3,000 births, making it one of the most frequently encountered limb malformations. Webbing of the digits, or syndactyly, is not caused by the fingers sticking together in the womb; rather, it is caused by failure, during the sixth to eighth weeks of intrauterine life, of the usual longitudinal interdigital necrosis that normally separates the fingers. Morton's Neuroma: A Librarian Looks at Consumer Health Reference Sources ricklibrarian 2006. Dec 6, 2023 · Using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, human embryonic limb development across space and time and the diversification and cross-species&nbsp;conservation&nbsp;of cells are demonstrated. The existence of such condition is normal (connected only by skin) in terrestrial mammals IMAIOS and selected third parties, use cookies or similar technologies, in particular for audience measurement. Interdigital webbing or fusion of digits usually presents as an isolated anomaly, but it is also frequently encountered in association with other soft tissue and osseous anomalies of the hand and malformations Nov 7, 2017 · webbing (English)Pronunciation. Apr 4, 2025 · Marvels of Mammalian Webbed Fingers: An Evolutionary Deep Dive. The human body is a marvel of engineering, and every part has its purpose. At about 6 weeks of gestation, apoptosis takes place due to a protein named sonic hedgehog, also known as SHH, which dissolves the tissue between the fingers and toes, and the webbing disappears. The Meaning of membrana interdigital Word: Membrana Interdigital Definition: “Membrana interdigital” refers to the thin web-like membrane located between the digits (fingers or toes) of certain animals, including humans. Around the sixth week of fetal development, the body gives a signal through specific signaling proteins (one important one is called sonic hedgehog) to cause regression of these webs between the fingers and toes, and this process is termed interdigital apoptosis. , IP addresses, navigation, usage or geolocation data, unique identifiers). One such case involves the webbing or nonwebbing of Therefore, it can be said that the removal of the interdigital webbing, vaginal septa, blood cell homeostasis, neural tube, palate, and body wall closure depends critically on developmental apoptosis. In early human fetal development, webbing (syndactyly) of the toes and fingers is normal. Changes in the intensity of this degenerative process account May 12, 2022 · The formation of the digits is a tightly regulated process. The typical presentation includes macerations and erosions in the interdigital space. web spaces of the foot). By using a Oct 10, 2006 · We find that bat forelimb and hindlimb interdigital tissues express Bmp signaling components but that only bat hindlimbs undergo interdigital apoptosis. The ability to locate It was previously reported that cetacean interdigital webbing occurs in the flipper-forelimb because interdigital cell apoptosis is suppressed during embryo development [4]. Syndactyly is seen commonly between the second and third toes, find that bat forelimb and hindlimb interdigital tissues express Bmp signaling components but that only bat hindlimbs undergo interdigital apoptosis. The middle and ring fingers or the second and third toes are most often affected. Other names include Morton's toe, interdigital neuritis, and interdigital perineural fibroma. The author proposes the use of the term interdigital cell death- e … Sep 11, 2020 · Subsequent stages in the evolution of bats included interdigital webbing expansion, the transition from arboreal to roosting habits via an intermediate suspensory phase 104 and shifts in prenatal 5 days ago · Surgery on a larger hand reduces the risk of scar contracture and development of web creep, where the webbing creeps distally as the hand grows. 58 It was not until 1961 that toe web psoriasis was first clearly defined as an atypical form of interdigital psoriasis (“white We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. By using a functional flight, interdigital webbing, pterosaurs, Scansoriopterygidae *Correspondence author. May 29, 2013 · The author proposes the use of the term interdigital cell death– extracellular matrix degradation instead of interdigital apoptosis. That condition is diagnosed based on a family history, medical history, and physical exam. Emargination of the distal interdigital regions of the flipper confers a scalloped shape to its trailing edge. Feb 4, 2021 · Syndactyly, an infrequent condition in human beings, is a state where fingers or toes are joined together. One area that often goes unnoticed is the skin between the thumb and index finger. During embryogenesis, disturbance of genetic pathways in limb development could result in syndactyly; a common congenital malformation consisting of webbing in adjacent digits. The spaces between the toes are known as the interdigital spaces of foot (a. Cell death plays a role in sculpting the limb. A summary of the taxa sampled and the tissues May 15, 2020 · The process of webbing formation in the coot is distinct from that in the palmate feet of ducks, where a broad region of the interdigital tissues lacking ICD gives rise to the final webbing 10 The creation of the normal web spaces has been attributed to apoptosis. k. Thus, we provide unequivocal evidence that interchromosomal translocation is able to generate enhancer activity for a Sep 10, 2020 · Though there is no conserved mechanism for the retention of interdigital webbing in amniotes (Weatherbee et al. A sturdy woven fabric The webbing of the lawn chair made marks on his thigh. Sep 12, 2022 · (7) The interdigital area between my toes is itchy and irritated. Our flatter, moe 'paddle-like' feet are better able to provide thrust when we swim, yet they have not started to turn into flukes or flippers that May 17, 2018 · The elaborate anatomy of hands and feet is shaped by coordinated formation of digits and regression of the interdigital mesenchyme (IM). The human hand is a marvel of anatomy, designed for a multitude of tasks ranging from delicate movements to heavy lifting. Received: 10 October 2019 Accepted: 13 May 2020 Editor: DR doi: 10. Less commonly, webbing of the fingers and toes is inherited. (8) The interdigital webbing on ducks helps them swim efficiently. . Several distinct conditions can give rise to webbed feet, including interdigital webbing and syndactyly. Interdigital webbing refers to the membranes or connective tissue found between the digits of certain organisms, particularly in aquatic species, which help facilitate movement through water. By using a functional Jun 13, 2019 · Amphibians -- animals like frogs, toads, salamanders, and newts -- form fingers without webbing by differential growth patterns between the digits and the areas between them, or interdigital regions. Hurwitz, Foot and ankle pain (page 331) In a review of over 1000 interdigital clavuses, 65% were found in the fourth interspace […] Jul 19, 2019 · RNA was extracted from digits and their associated posterior interdigital webbing following the dissection strategy shown in Fig. In the human foetus, the interdigital mesoderm, initially formed between fingers and toes, is removed by programmed cell death. This feature is important for adaptation to different environments, as it enhances swimming efficiency and maneuverability in aquatic habitats. Strikingly, the retention of interdigital web-bing in the bat forelimb is correlated with a unique pattern of Fgf8 expression in addition to the Bmp inhibitor Gremlin. Patients may also experience a burning sensation and small pustules or blisters in the affected area. A failure of this process causes persistence of interdigital webbing and consequently cutaneous syndactyly. 2006), downregulation of bone morphogenetic proteins in the distal part of the limbs during embryonic development commonly results in interdigital webbing mutations in animals usually lacking webbing (Zou & Niswander 1996). Sub-power of Fin Manipulation and Digit Manipulation. Rhymes: -ɛbɪŋ Noun webbing (pl. In humans, this membrane is minimally present, contributing to the structure and function of the hand and foot. g. Cookies allow us to analyze and store information such as the characteristics of your device as well as certain personal data (e. Sep 12, 2013 · Interdigital cell death is a physiological regression process responsible for sculpturing the digits in the embryonic vertebrate limb. Furthermore, the concept of web creation by differential growth is introduced along with the discussion of the latest research in molecular biology and genetics on the topic. This “webbing” is the most common abnormality of the newborn hand. Repair of webbed fingers or toes is surgery to fix webbing of the toes, fingers, or both. Currently, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the exact developmental mechanism leading to this condition. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like How did the bat get its wing - elongation of digits and interdigital webbing?, How did the turtle get its shell?, What are the four general questions related to the evolution of morphological variation? and more. [1] [2] [12] Structure Skeleton Illustration depicting the bones of the human hand Oct 5, 2020 · The hands and feet have a similar appearance to the webbing of the foot of a duck. Some notable examples include the platypus, the beaver, the otter, and the Jan 26, 2018 · Image: X-ray micro-CT images show that the Sonic hedgehog gene is ectopically expressed in the interdigital region, and causes interdigital webbing in Hammer toe. A belt and shoulder harness with attached pouches used to carry a soldier's equipment, water, ammunition, etc Jun 13, 2019 · By comparison, amniotes rely on interdigital cell death, or death of cells in the webbing between digits, a mechanism that contributes to a greater variation of limb shapes. This derived foot morphology is only one of many homoplastic traits in this diverse amphibian clade. An infant with webbing may have other symptoms that together may be signs of one syndrome or condition. , 2006 ). In waterfowl, such as ducks, Bmp antagonists inhibit apoptosis, leading to webbed feet ( Weatherbee et al. In some other species, such as ducks or certain reptiles May 17, 2018 · The elaborate anatomy of hands and feet is shaped by coordinated formation of digits and regression of the interdigital mesenchyme (IM). Jun 13, 2019 · Amniotes rely on interdigital cell death to form fingers, while amphibians have differential growth patterns between the digits and the areas between them, known as interdigital regions. 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